CVE-2025-62456: Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Overview

Severity

High (CVSS 8.8)

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

Category

Remote Code Execution

Exploit Status

Not Exploited

Exploitation Likelihood

Unlikely

Patch Tuesday

2025-Dec

Released

2025-12-09

EPSS Score

0.17% (percentile: 37.8%)

Description

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.

FAQ

How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability? An authenticated attacker with access to a shared folder on a system using a Resilient File System (ReFS) volume could exploit this vulnerability by running a specially crafted operation against the folder. According to the CVSS metric, privileges required is low (PR:L). What does that mean for this vulnerability? Any authenticated attacker could trigger this vulnerability. It does not require admin or other elevated privileges.

Affected Products (11)

Windows

• Windows 11 Version 25H2 for ARM64-based Systems
• Windows 11 Version 25H2 for x64-based Systems
• Windows Server 2022
• Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation)
• Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)
• Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems
• Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems
• Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)
• Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems
• Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems
• Windows Server 2025

Security Updates (6)

• 5072033
• 5072014
• 5071547
• 5071413
• 5071417
• 5071542

Acknowledgments

<a href="https://twitter.com/thunderj17">Thunder_J</a>

Revision History

• 2025-12-09: Information published.