CVE-2025-32433: Erlang/OTP SSH Vulnerable to Pre-Authentication RCE

Overview

Severity

Critical (CVSS 10)

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Exploit Status

Not Exploited

Patch Tuesday

2025-Apr

Released

2025-04-22

Last Updated

2026-02-21

EPSS Score

56.72% (percentile: 98.1%)

FAQ

Is Azure Linux the only Microsoft product that includes this open-source library and is therefore potentially affected by this vulnerability? One of the main benefits to our customers who choose to use the Azure Linux distro is the commitment to keep it up to date with the most recent and most secure versions of the open source libraries with which the distro is composed. Microsoft is committed to transparency in this work which is why we began publishing CSAF/VEX in October 2025. See this blog post for more information. If impact to additional products is identified, we will update the CVE to reflect this.

Detection & Weaponization (3 sources)

Maturity: Detection

• Metasploit modules: Erlang OTP Pre-Auth RCE Scanner and Exploit
• YARA rules: vuln_erlang_otp_ssh_cve_2025_32433.yar, SIGNATURE_BASE_VULN_Erlang_OTP_SSH_CVE_2025_32433_Apr25
• GitHub PoC: 37 repositories

Affected Products (4)

Mariner

• azl3 erlang 26.2.5.9-1 on Azure Linux 3.0
• cbl2 erlang 25.3.2.20-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0
• azl3 erlang 26.2.5.11-1 on Azure Linux 3.0

Open Source Software

• cbl2 erlang 25.2-3 on CBL Mariner 2.0

Revision History

• 2025-04-22: Information published.
• 2026-02-21: Information published.