CVE-2025-21171: .NET Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Overview

Severity

High (CVSS 7.5)

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

Category

Remote Code Execution

Exploit Status

Not Exploited

Exploitation Likelihood

Less Likely

Patch Tuesday

2025-Jan

Released

2025-01-14

Last Updated

2025-01-29

EPSS Score

0.59% (percentile: 69.3%)

FAQ

According to the CVSS metric, the attack vector is network (AV:N) and the user interaction is required (UI:R). What is the target context of the remote code execution? This attack requires a victim to perform a specific action, such as copying files or executing a command, and for an attacker with appropriate access to have pre-planted malicious files with knowledge of where they should be placed on the victim's system. According to the CVSS metric, the attack complexity is high (AC:H). What does that mean for this vulnerability? This attack requires a victim to perform a specific action, such as copying files or executing a command, and for an attacker with appropriate access to have pre-planted malicious files with knowledge of where they should be placed on the victim's system. According to the CVSS metric, user interaction is required (UI:R). What interaction would the user have to do? Exploitation of this vulnerability requires that a user trigger the payload in the application.

Affected Products (10)

Developer Tools

• PowerShell 7.5 installed on Windows
• PowerShell 7.5 installed on Linux
• PowerShell 7.5 installed on MacOS
• .NET 9.0 installed on Linux
• .NET 9.0 installed on Mac OS
• .NET 9.0 installed on Windows
• Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.12
• Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.6
• Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.8
• Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10

Security Updates (6)

• Release Notes
• 5050526
• Release Notes
• Release Notes
• Release Notes
• Release Notes

Revision History

• 2025-01-14: Information published.
• 2025-01-29: Revised the Security Updates table to include PowerShell 7.5 installed on Windows, PowerShell 7.5 installed on Linux, and PowerShell 7.5 installed on MacOC because these versions of PowerShell 7 are affected by this vulnerability. See https://github.com/PowerShell/Announcements/issues/72 for more information.