CVE-2021-43890: Windows AppX Installer Spoofing Vulnerability

Overview

Severity
High (CVSS 7.1)
CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
Category
Spoofing
Exploit Status
Actively Exploited
Exploitation Likelihood
Detected
Publicly Disclosed
Yes
Patch Tuesday
2021-Dec
Released
2021-12-14
Last Updated
2024-02-13
EPSS Score
16.44% (percentile: 94.9%)
CISA KEV
Listed — due 2021-12-29

Description

We have investigated reports of a spoofing vulnerability in AppX installer that affects Microsoft Windows. Microsoft is aware of attacks that attempt to exploit this vulnerability by using specially crafted packages that include the malware family known as Emotet/Trickbot/Bazaloader. An attacker could craft a malicious attachment to be used in phishing campaigns. The attacker would then have to convince the user to open the specially crafted attachment. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights. Please see the Security Updates table for the link to the updated app. Alternatively you can download and install the Installer using the links provided in the FAQ section. Please see the Mitigations and Workaround sections for important information about steps you can take to protect your system from this vulnerability. December 27 2023 Update: In recent months, Microsoft Threat Intelligence has seen an increase in activity from threat actors leveraging social engineering and phishing techniques to target Windows OS users and utilizing the ms-appinstaller URI scheme. To address this increase in activity, we have updated the App Installer to disable the ms-appinstaller protocol by default and recommend other potential mitigations.

FAQ

How do I update the installer? Customers who are running Windows 10, version 1809 and newer versions, or any version of Windows 11 can download and install the following: Latest App Installer Microsoft Desktop Installer 1.16 Customers running Windows 10, version 1709 or Windows 10, version 1803 can download and install the following: Microsoft Desktop Installer 1.11

Known Exploits (1)

  • Microsoft Windows AppX Installer Spoofing Vulnerability — added 2022-10-28T01:46:51Z

Affected Products (1)

Apps

  • App Installer

Security Updates (1)

Acknowledgments

<a href="https://twitter.com/threatresearch">Andrew Brandt</a> with <a href="https://www.sophos.com/">Sophos</a>, Nick Carr (MSTIC), Rick Cole (MSTIC)

Revision History

  • 2021-12-14: Information published.
  • 2021-12-21: The information in the workaround section was updated. This an informational change only.
  • 2023-12-07: Updated FAQ information. This is an informational change only.
  • 2023-12-28: Added clarifying information to the mitigation. This is an informational change only.
  • 2024-02-13: Updated FAQs and added clarifying information to the mitigation. This is an informational change only.